2025-05-20 ノースカロライナ州立大学（NCState）
＜関連情報＞
- https://news.ncsu.edu/2025/05/states-climate-action-impacts/
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-59696-0
州主導の気候変動対策は、連邦政府に近いコストで排出量を削減できるが、有利な技術は異なる State-led climate action can cut emissions at near-federal costs but favors different technologies
Gavin Mouat,Christopher Galik,Aranya Venkatesh,Katherine Jordan,Aditya Sinha,Paulina Jaramillo & Jeremiah X. Johnson
Nature Communications Published:19 May 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59696-0
Abstract
In the absence of comprehensive federal greenhouse gas mitigation policy, state-led strategies may play a pivotal role, particularly following the 2024 United States presidential election. Using a detailed energy system optimization model, we examine the outcomes of 23 climate-minded states pursuing net-zero emissions targets compared to a federal carbon cap achieving equivalent CO2-eq reductions. Here we show that state-led decarbonization results in distinct technology choices, a 0.7% increase in system costs, and nationwide emissions reduction of 46% — substantial, but insufficient for ambitious climate goals. This pathway relies more on electrification, with 952 terawatt-hours more generation in 2050, reallocating 17.2% of emissions to the power sector. Some regions favor solar, wind, and storage, while direct air capture emerges as critical, particularly in California and the Northeast. Inter-regional trading supports and complicates mitigation efforts, underscoring the need for careful policy design. Overall, our findings highlight how state-led and federal decarbonization approaches can yield differing energy portfolios to achieve similar emissions reductions.
