ナノ濾過と逆浸透膜で消毒副生成物を除去(Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Offer Hope for Removing Disinfection Byproducts)

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2025-04-24 中国科学院(CAS)

ナノ濾過と逆浸透膜で消毒副生成物を除去(Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Offer Hope for Removing Disinfection Byproducts)Image by Dr. WANG Lei

中国科学院武漢植物園などの研究チームは、ナノろ過(NF)と逆浸透(RO)膜技術が消毒副生成物(DBPs)除去に有望であることを示した。DBPsは水処理過程で発生し、健康・環境リスクが高い。本研究では、DBPs除去における膜特性や運用条件の重要性を明らかにし、59種のDBPsを分類、除去メカニズムを分析した。今後の課題として、標準化、モデル開発、小型・中性DBPsの除去技術革新、消費者ニーズに応じた膜設計が提案された。

<関連情報>

消毒副産物除去のためのナノろ過および逆浸透技術 Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis technologies for disinfection by-product removal

Lei Wang,Chuyang Y. Tang,Yunxia Hu,Baiyang Chen & Wei Xing
Nature Water  Published:16 April 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-025-00413-y

Abstract

The presence of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water poses substantial health risks, necessitating effective removal strategies. Although nanofiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) show promise in DBP removal, their full potential remains largely unexplored. Here we examine DBP rejection by nanofiltration/RO, focusing on membrane characteristics, DBP properties, water quality and operating conditions. Optimization strategies, such as reducing the effective pore size, increasing surface charge and roughness, and improving desalination capacity, can enhance size-exclusion, electrostatic repulsion and overall DBP rejection efficiency. Feed water quality and operational conditions affect removal efficiency by altering membrane pore structure, surface charge and DBP speciation. Membrane ageing can impair neutral-DBP removal and enhance charged-DBP removal. Notably, small, hydrophilic and neutral DBP species pose challenges for effective rejection and warrant prioritized mitigation efforts. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions among membranes, DBPs, water components and operating conditions is crucial for effectively minimizing DBP risk.

1102水質管理
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